Existing research confirms a need to identify case specific examples on strategies that combine adaptation and mitigation goals to create effective climate actions for local communities. The aim of this research is to identify how community-based adaptation programs are providing potential mitigation to climate change opportunities. This research examines the synergies and conflicts of mitigation with community-based adaptation programs in the agriculture sector by using Timor-Leste as a case study. There are limited methodologies to examine the inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation strategies. This paper takes a case study approach, and builds on three distinctive frameworks to qualitatively analyse the adaptation and mitigation interventions across three broad categories: governance (institutional adaptation), sectoral resilience (agriculture and food security) and synergistic relationship (adaptation and mitigation). Not only do community-based adaptation interventions in the agriculture sector facilitates adaptative capacity development, but also has potential benefits towards mitigation outcomes. The research findings suggest a largely synergistic relationship between land/agriculture, natural resources and water adaptation measures and their corresponding greenhouse gas mitigation potential- increased soil/atmospheric carbon sequestration, reduced emissions, soil nitrification and reduced use of fertilisers. The paper concludes that community-based adaptation practices in the agriculture sector have strong interactions with mitigation to climate change outcomes. The Timor-Leste CBA program is a useful detailed insight into the inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation strategies at the community level. However, a more detailed quantitative analysis is necessary to determine whether synergistic measures are achieving the necessary levels of required mitigation and adaptation within agricultural landscapes.